Variable | Symptom + (n = 14) month 1 | Symptom - (n = 42) month 1 | p value | Symptom + (n = 12) month 4 | Symptom - (n = 31) month 4 | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic factors | ||||||
Mean (SD) age (years) | 45 (20) | 46 (19) | 0.81 | 45 (15) | 49 (20) | 0.50 |
Male | 6 (42) | 33 (78) | 0.03 | 8 (67) | 22 (71) | 1.00 |
Having no high school diploma | 3 (21) | 3 (7) | 0.32 | 2 (17) | 3 (10) | 0.91 |
Unemployed at time of injury | 2 (14) | 6 (14) | 1.00 | 2 (17) | 4 (13) | 1.00 |
Currently living alone | 3 (21) | 10 (24) | 1.00 | 1 (8) | 5 (16) | 0.86 |
Living in rented housing | 10 (71) | 24 (57) | 0.53 | 6 (50) | 18 (58) | 0.89 |
Health status factors | ||||||
Treated for anxiety or depression in the last year | 3 (21) | 8 (19) | 1.00 | 4 (33) | 3 (10) | 0.17 |
Has consulted with GP/care provider | 6 (54) | 11 (38) | 0.55 | 10 (91) | 11 (42) | 0.02 |
Currently taking medication for stress | 7 (50) | 15 (36) | 0.53 | 5 (42) | 3 (10) | 0.05 |
Feel as healthy as prior to injury | 3 (21) | 8 (19) | 1.00 | 4 (33) | 3 (10) | 0.17 |
Had not expected pain to still be present | 12 (85) | 33 (78) | 0.85 | 9 (75) | 27 (87) | 0.61 |
Has experienced barriers obtaining care | 1 (7) | 2 (5) | 1.00 | 5 (42) | 2 (6) | 0.02 |
Injury-related factors | ||||||
Positive blood alcohol (BAC) upon admission | 1 (8) | 6 (16) | 0.86 | 2 (18) | 3 (11) | 0.92 |
Positive toxicology result upon admission | 1 (8) | 5 (13) | 1.00 | 1 (9) | 2 (7) | 1.00 |
Mean (SD) Injury severity score (ISS) | 15 (14) | 24 (12) | 0.03 | 18 (14) | 24 (12) | 0.24 |
Cause of injury was intentional | 2 (17) | 2 (5) | 0.48 | 2 (17) | 1 (3) | 0.41 |