|
Group
|
LMU
|
DGU
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Number
|
160
|
4.657
| |
|
Characteristic
|
mean ± SD or %
|
mean ± SD or %
| |
|
Epidemiologic data
| | | |
|
Age (years)
|
44.6 ± 18.3
|
42.5 ± 20.7
|
0.096
|
|
Male gender (%)
|
75.0
|
73.2
|
0.604
|
|
Blunt injury (%)
|
89.4
|
96.4
|
< 0.001
|
|
Prehospital
| | | |
|
Chest compression (%)
|
6.9
|
3.4
|
0.020
|
|
GCS (points)
|
10.9 ± 4.4
|
10.2 ± 4.8
|
0.099
|
|
Chest tube insertion(%)
|
10.0
|
7.7
|
0.293
|
|
Intubation (%)
|
51.3
|
59.6
|
0.035
|
|
Shock (%)
|
23.9
|
21.4
|
0.454
|
|
Infusion (ml)
|
1.504 ± 866
|
1.575 ± 1075
|
0.883
|
|
Prehospital time (min)
|
61. 9 ± 51.8
|
75.8 ± 46.5
|
< 0.001
|
|
Air lifted (%)
|
41.1
|
41.6
|
0.903
|
|
In-hospital
| | | |
|
Chest compressions (%)
|
8.9
|
5.1
|
0.036
|
|
Chest tube insertion TR (%)
|
33.5
|
24.5
|
0.010
|
|
Shock TR SBP ≤ 90 (%)
|
21.2
|
15.4
|
0.051
|
|
Base excess (mmol/L)
|
-5.8 ± 5.5
|
-3.7 ± 4.9
|
< 0.001
|
|
Infusion (mL)
|
4.950 ± 3844
|
2.668 ± 2424
|
< 0.001
|
|
Haemoglobin (mg/dL)
|
11.3 ± 2.9
|
11.3 ± 3.0
|
0.779
|
|
PRBC (%)
|
40.5
|
29.6
|
0.003
|
|
Number of PRBC
|
4.2 ± 9.2
|
2.6 ± 6.6
|
0.005
|
|
Thromboplastin time
|
68.9 ± 22.9
|
74.9 ± 23. 3
|
0.01
|
|
Emergency Operation (%)
|
10.6
|
6.2
|
0.025
|
|
Operation rate (%)
|
87.5
|
77.2
|
0.002
|
|
Operation per patient
|
5.2 ± 7.2
|
2.9 ± 3.5
|
< 0.001
|
|
ICU days
|
16.8 ± 23.6
|
12.3 ± 14.2
|
0.340
|
|
Respirator days
|
14.8 ± 22.9
|
8.4 ± 12.2
|
< 0.001
|
|
MOF (%)
|
77.7
|
25.0
|
<0.001
|
|
AIS head ≥ 3 (%)
|
56.3
|
59.2
|
0.459
|
|
AIS thorax ≥ 3 (%)
|
61.9
|
56.5
|
0.177
|
|
AIS abdomen ≥ 3(%)
|
25.6
|
23
|
0.442
|
|
AIS extremities ≥ 3 (%)
|
40.6
|
36.1
|
0.239
|
|
ISS (points)
|
32.5 ± 16.4
|
29.7 ± 13.0
|
0.296
|
|
NISS (points)
|
40.0 ± 17.8
|
35.6 ± 14.6
|
0.006
|
|
Hospital days
|
22.3 ± 27.9
|
25.9 ± 30.1
|
0.025
|
|
Outcome
| | | |
|
Mortality rate (24 h)
|
11.3
|
11.4
|
0.959
|
|
Mortality rate (overall)
|
18.8
|
22.0
|
0.324
|
|
GOS (%)
| | | |
|
5 Good recovery
|
36.6
|
35.7
|
<0.001
|
|
4 Moderate disability
|
22.2
|
24.2
|
<0.001
|
|
3 Severe disability
|
9.8
|
12.7
|
<0.001
|
|
2 Vegetative state
|
11.8
|
3.6
|
<0.001
|
|
1 Dead
|
19.6
|
23.8
|
<0.001
|
- We analyzed 4.817 patients, comparing 160 patients from our university hospital (LMU) to 4.657 trauma patients from other trauma centres (DGU) participating in the registry. SPB Systolic blood pressure; GCS Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS Injury Severity Score; NISS New Injury Severity Score; ICU Intensive Care Unit; AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale; MOF Multi Organ Failure (defined as organ failure of two systems of >2 SOFA-score points of at least 2 days duration [43]; TR Trauma room; PRBC Packed Red Blood Cells. p: χ2 test or Mann- Withney-U test (two sided). The overall mortality rate is not exactly equal to the rate of GOS "dead" due to the fact that GOS has not been documented for all patients.
